surrogate GRE专八

For some people, reading travel books is a surrogate for actual travel.

对某些人来说, 读游记可替真正旅行。

The cat acted as a surrogate mum to the chicks.

这只貓当起了小鸡妈妈来。

In the 1950s Harlow compared monkeys raised by their mothers with monkeys reared by wire or terrycloth surrogate mothers.

哈娄将母猴养大猴子，以丝或绵布制成母养大猴子作比较，发现母养大猴子变得不合群且极具攻击性。

It should be noted that the method for updating multipliers is similar but different to the surrogate subgradient method, which is more robust and stable for accelerating the convergence rate.

大量测试表明了，在新更新乘子公式下，收敛性和稳定性更好。