Although diabetes and hypertension are responsible for the vast majority of CKD cases, there are other systemic diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, can also cause glomerulosclerosis.

尽管和高血压是慢性肾的主要因，也有其他疾如狼疮、类风性关节炎能导致肾小球硬化。

The second most common cause of CKD is diabetes, excess glucose in the blood starts sticking to proteins in the blood — a process called non-enzymatic glycation because no enzymes are involved.

慢性肾的第二大因是，血液中过多的葡萄黏附于血液中的蛋白质上，该过程叫非酶性基化过程，因为该过程不涉及酶。