It's a polymerized alkene, but the molecule itself is an alkane.

它聚合烃， 但分子本身烷烃。

Sometimes the oils are fully hydrogenated, creating saturated alkanes.

有时油会完全氢，产生饱和烷烃。

First, alkanes are always named based on the longest possible continuous chain in their structure.

首先，烷烃总根据其结构中最长的连续链命名。

They can be alkanes or alkenes, sometimes, even rarely, alkynes.

它们可以烷烃或烃，有时甚至很少炔烃。

I'm not gonna go through them all. There are a few naming rules that are specific to alkanes.

我不会列举。 有定于烷烃的命名规则。

Alkanes are just more of the same, add another carbon to lengthen the chain.

烷烃只更多相同，添加另个碳以延长链。

Alkenes can be made into alkanes and alkynes can become either alkenes or alkanes depending on how many atoms are added.

烃可以变成烷烃，炔烃可以变成烃或烷烃，具体取决于添加的原子数。

There's only one letter changing here: A in alkanes changes to E for alkenes and then to Y for alkynes.

这里只有个字母发生变：烷烃中的 A 变为烃中的 E，然后变为炔烃中的 Y。

The first is the kind that made alkane the most common fuel for combustion or burning.

第种使烷烃成为最常见的燃烧或燃烧燃料。

The final reaction type is dehydrogenation, and it, somewhat obviously, is the removal of hydrogen atoms from alkanes.

最后的反应类型脱氢， 从某种程度上来说，它从烷烃中去除氢原子。

The fully saturated hydrocarbons I just described are usually called by the much simpler name, alkanes.

我刚刚描述的完全饱和的碳氢合物通常用更简单的名称命名， 即烷烃。

But there are 3 types of alkane reactions that are important enough for us to cover right now right here.

但有 3 种类型的烷烃反应非常重要， 我们现在就在这里进行介绍。

The simplest of the alkanes is one you've heard of before, methane, or CH4, the main compound in natural gas.

最简单的烷烃您以前听说过的甲烷或 CH4， 它天然气中的主要合物。

Combustion is the type of reaction that powers your car and your propane grill, even candles among many other alkane fuels.

燃烧种为您的汽车和丙烷烤架提供动力的反应类型，甚至蜡烛和许多其他烷烃燃料。

Things get more interesting, though, with the next alkane, butane, C4H10, because there are two different forms of it.

不过，对于下个烷烃丁烷 C4H10， 事情变得更加有趣，因为它有两种不同的形式。

Now suppose you have more than one of the same size group attached to the same chain, like two methyl groups on the same alkane.

现在假设您有多个相同大小的基团连接到同条链上，例如同烷烃上的两个甲基。

The next simplest alkane contains 2 carbons side by side, each one of them in bonded to 3 hydrogen atoms.

下个最简单的烷烃包含 2 个并排的碳原子， 每个碳原子都与 3 个氢原子键合。

So three words representing three different groups of organic compounds: alkanes for all single bonds, alkenes if they contain double bonds, and alkynes if they contain one or more triple bonds.

所以三个词代表三组不同的有机合物：所有单键的烷烃，含有双键的烃，含有个或多个三键的炔烃。

If you paid attention, you learned that hydrocarbons with double bonds are called alkenes and those with triple bonds are called alkynes and that the naming rules are the same as for alkanes.

如果你注意的话，你会发现带有双键的碳氢合物称为烃， 带有三键的碳氢合物称为炔烃， 并且命名规则与烷烃相同。

So alkanes with 5 to 18 chains of carbon atoms like octane and gasoline are liquids at room temperature and those with more than 18 carbon atoms like paraffin or other waxes are solids.

因此，具有 5 到 18 个碳原子链的烷烃（如辛烷和汽油）在室温下液体，而那具有超过 18 个碳原子的烷烃（如石蜡或其他蜡）固体。