We haven't identified which receptors recognize the anion, or negatively charged ion, in a salt.

我们尚未确定哪些受体识别盐中阴离子或离子。

We got something! A huge release of anions.

有情况 离子释放。

Yes. High levels of polyatomic anions released in the atmosphere.

多原子离子释放进气中。

And this became an anion, because it's negative.

这变成一个阴离子，因为它是。

They have a wide anion gap acidosis.

严重阴离子间隙增高性酸中毒。

But they're really just positively-charged cations — like calcium, sodium, and potassium — and negatively-charged anions, like phosphate, sulfate, and bicarbonate.

但它们实际上只是正荷阳离子——比如钙、钠和钾——和荷阴离子，比如磷酸盐、硫酸盐和碳酸氢盐。

As a rule, all anions that end in " -ate" form acids that end with " -ic" .

通常，所有以“-ate” 结尾阴离子都会形成以“-ic” 结尾酸。

So, HClO is hypochlorous acid, and likewise, it's anion, ClO minus, is hypochlorite.

因此，HClO 是次氯酸， 同样，它阴离子， ClO minus， 是次氯酸盐。

So HClO4 is perchloric acid and it dissociates into an anion called perchlorate.

所以 HClO4 是高氯酸， 它会分解成一种叫做高氯酸盐阴离子。

As oxygen becomes pressurized, it forms large amounts of superoxide anion (O2) and peroxide (H2O2), which are highly toxic to living cells.

当氧气被施加压力时，会形成超氧阴离子和过氧化物，这些对活细胞有剧毒。

Cations are positively charged and anions are negatively charged.

阳离子正， 阴离子。

And don't just think that there's one anion and one cation.

不要只是认为只有一种阴离子和一种阳离子。

So cations only react with anions to form new compounds.

所以阳离子只与阴离子反应形成新化合物。

But how do we know which ions are cations and which are anions?

但是我们怎么知道哪些离子是阳离子哪些是阴离子呢？

Nitrates, sulfates and phosphates are really common and they're always anions.

硝酸盐、硫酸盐和磷酸盐很常见， 而且它们总是阴离子。

Now what about the nitrate? Also anion.

那么硝酸盐呢？ 还有离子。

We know that chlorine is a gas from the right side of the periodic table, so that is an anion.

我们知道氯是元素周期表右侧一种气体， 所以它是一种阴离子。

But with anions, you use a special suffix, " ide" .

但是对于阴离子， 你使用一个特殊后缀， “ide” 。

But the names of these ions change somewhat depending on whether they are cations or anions.

但是这些离子名称会根据它们是阳离子还是阴离子而有所不同。

So, the anion of chlorine is chloride, and is written so.

所以，氯阴离子是氯化物， 并且是这样写。