We haven't identified which receptors recognize the anion, or negatively charged ion, in a salt.

我们尚未确定哪些受体识别盐的阴离子或带负电的离子。

We got something! A huge release of anions.

有情况 大量负离子释放。

Yes. High levels of polyatomic anions released in the atmosphere.

大量的多原子负离子释放进大气。

And this became an anion, because it's negative.

这一个阴离子，因为它是负的。

They have a wide anion gap acidosis.

严重的阴离子间隙增高性酸。

But with anions, you use a special suffix, " ide" .

但是对于阴离子， 你使用一个特殊的后缀， “ide” 。

But they're really just positively-charged cations — like calcium, sodium, and potassium — and negatively-charged anions, like phosphate, sulfate, and bicarbonate.

但它们实际上只是带正电荷的阳离子——比如钙、钠和钾——和带负电荷的阴离子，比如磷酸盐、硫酸盐和碳酸氢盐。

But the names of these ions change somewhat depending on whether they are cations or anions.

但是这些离子的名称会根据它们是阳离子还是阴离子而有所不同。

So, the anion of chlorine is chloride, and is written so.

所以，氯的阴离子是氯化物， 并且是这样写的。

As a rule, all anions that end in " -ate" form acids that end with " -ic" .

通常，所有以“-ate” 结尾的阴离子都会形以“-ic” 结尾的酸。

So, HClO is hypochlorous acid, and likewise, it's anion, ClO minus, is hypochlorite.

因此，HClO 是次氯酸， 同样，它的阴离子， ClO minus， 是次氯酸盐。

So HClO4 is perchloric acid and it dissociates into an anion called perchlorate.

所以 HClO4 是高氯酸， 它会分解一种叫做高氯酸盐的阴离子。

As oxygen becomes pressurized, it forms large amounts of superoxide anion (O2) and peroxide (H2O2), which are highly toxic to living cells.

当氧气被施加压力时，会形大量的超氧阴离子和过氧化物，这些对活细胞有剧。

Cations are positively charged and anions are negatively charged.

阳离子带正电， 阴离子带负电。

And don't just think that there's one anion and one cation.

不要只是认为只有一种阴离子和一种阳离子。

Writing the formula of an acid is easy if you know what the anion is.

如果知道阴离子是什么， 写出酸的分子式就很容易。

So cations only react with anions to form new compounds.

所以阳离子只与阴离子反应形新的化合物。

Now, when we name ionic compounds, we just say the cation first, and the anion second.

现在，当我们命名离子化合物时， 我们只是先说阳离子， 然后再说阴离子。

But how do we know which ions are cations and which are anions?

但是我们怎么知道哪些离子是阳离子哪些是阴离子呢？

Nitrates, sulfates and phosphates are really common and they're always anions.

硝酸盐、硫酸盐和磷酸盐很常见， 而且它们总是阴离子。