Structurally speaking, you've got fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.

从结构上来说，你有纤维关节、软骨关节和滑膜关节。

As for cartilaginous fish, Conseil went on unflappably, they consist of only three orders.

至于软骨鱼类，康塞尔很冷说，那就只有三目。

Their cartilaginous skeletons are less dense than bony ones and require less energy to move.

这些生理特质从4亿多年中进化而来它们软骨质的骨架比硬骨的骨架更轻。

Within the chameleon's mouth, a tongue muscle squeezes a series of concentric sheaths around a cartilaginous rod, storing elastic energy.

在变色龙的口腔中，舌肌紧缩软骨棒周围舌鞘，储存弹性能量。

Yes, of course. So which type of joint can you crack? Is it … a) fibrous? b) cartilaginous? Or c) synovial?

当然。那么你能掰响哪一种关节？是a)纤维性关节? b)软骨性关节? c)滑液性关节?

These are distant, cartilaginous cousins of sharks that live in the deep sea today.

这些是今天生活在深海中的鲨鱼的远亲软骨表亲。

In their wake, bony fish and cartilaginous fish like sharks and rays took over the oceans.

在它们的身后，硬骨鱼和软骨鱼如鲨鱼和鳐鱼接管了海洋。

Spoken like a true glutton, Conseil replied. But tell me, are you familiar with the differences between bony fish and cartilaginous fish?

这是讲究吃喝的人的一种分类法，康塞尔回答，请告诉我，硬骨鱼类和软骨鱼类之间存在的差别吗?

Several of these classes are specific types of fish, for example: jawless fish, like lampreys and hagfish, and cartilaginous fish, like sharks and rays.

这些纲类的一些便是鱼类，比如：无颚纲鱼形动物，像七鳃鳗、盲鳗和软骨纲鱼，像鲨鱼和魔鬼鱼。

If we look at the really successful features of sharks you've got to consider this cartilaginous skeleton – that's no bone in the skeleton.

如果我们研究鲨鱼真正成功的特征，你必须要考虑到软骨骨架——那是指骨架中没有骨头。

The canal is divided into two parts: (a) cartilaginous and (b) bony (a) Cartilaginous Part It forms outer one-third (8 mm) of the canal.

耳由两部分组成：软骨部分和骨质部分。（a）软骨部分它组成了管的外部三分之一（8 毫米）。

We should remember that the skull at this early age is cartilaginous and flexible, so that it readily yields to muscular action.

我们应该记住， 这么小的头骨是软骨和柔韧的， 因此它很容易屈服于肌肉活动。

Because their skeletons were cartilaginous, what remains of megalodons are mostly scattered clues, like some isolated vertebrae and lots of their enamel-protected teeth.

因为巨齿鲨的骨骼是软骨质的，所以留下的大部分都是零散的线索，比如一些孤立的椎骨和许多受牙釉质保护的牙齿。

Once contracted, they compress the arms of the cartilaginous skeleton at the base of the salamander's tongue, which then launches out with the rest of its tongue tissues.

一旦收缩，它们就会压缩蝾螈舌头底部的软骨骨骼，然后连同舌头的其他组织一起发射出来。

There's a magnificently well preserved dinosaur from Italy, which includes the cartilaginous tracheal rings, still preserved in the throat, and muscle fibers at the base of the tail.

有一种来自意大利的保存完好的恐龙，它包括仍然保存在喉咙中的软骨气管环和尾巴底部的肌肉纤维。

As you might guess, your cartilaginous joints unite bones using cartilage, and are similar to their fibrous brethren in that they don't move very much, and they lack a joint cavity.

正如你可能猜到的，你的软骨关节用软骨连接骨头，和它们的纤维兄弟相似，它们不怎么移动，也没有关节腔。

OK, if you say so, Professor. And since you're in a scientific mood, how about answering today's quiz question. Which type of joint can you crack? Is it … a) fibrous? b) cartilaginous? Or c) synovial?

好吧，随你怎么说吧，大教授。既然你想谈论科学，那么就来回答一下今天的测试题吧。人体的哪一个关节可以被掰响？是a)纤维性关节? b)软骨性关节? c)滑液性关节?