Medical conditions that increase the risk for GERD include hiatal hernia, scleroderma, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

增加GERD风险的疾病包括孔疝、硬皮病与佐林格-埃利森综合征（胃素瘤）。

In hiatal hernia, the stomach and lower part of the esophagus slide up through the esophageal hiatus, which is an orifice in the diaphragm, and this decreases the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter.

在孔疝中，胃和下孔（这是膈膜中的一个孔）向上滑动（进入胸腔），这降低了下括约肌的压力。