This can trigger tetany or the involuntary contraction of muscles, a classic symptom of hypocalcemia.

这会触发手足抽搐或肌肉非自主收缩，这是低血典型状。

Acute hypocalcemia should be treated promptly with intravenous calcium.

急性低血应及时静脉补。

In hypocalcemia, the main goal is to normalize calcium levels using formulation like calcium gluconate, and if appropriate, vitamin D supplementation.

在低血中，主要目标是使水平正常化，比如使用葡萄糖酸这类制剂，并在适当时补充维生素D。

While chronic moderate hypocalcemia may be asymptomatic.

而慢性中度低血可能无状。

The most common cause of hypocalcemia is PTH deficiency, resulting from decreased function of the parathyroid glands or hypoparathyroidism.

低血最常见原因是甲状旁腺功能降低或甲状旁腺功能低下引起PTH缺乏。

Effects of hypocalcemia on cardiac function include long QT interval due to prolonged ST segment, congestive heart failure, and hypotension.

ST段延长引起QT间期延长、充血性心力衰竭和低血压。

Most symptoms of acute hypocalcemia can be attributed to the effect, it has on action potential generation in neurons.

急性低血多数状可归因于其对神经元动作电位产生影响。

This is therefore called false hypocalcemia or pseudohypocalcemia, since there's less overall calcium due to less bound calcium, but the free ionized calcium levels are still the same.

这就被称作假性低血，因为总减少是因为结合减少，但游离水平仍然不变。

The nurse can elicit Trousseau's sign by occluding the brachial or radial artery. Hand and finger spasms that occur during occlusion indicate Trousseau's sign and suggest hypocalcemia.

护士可以通过阻断肱动脉或桡动脉来引出特鲁索(氏)征。阻断期间手和手指痉挛则为特鲁索(氏)征并提示低血。

Other causes of hypocalcemia include low vitamin D intake or production, and excessive loss of calcium from the circulation such as in kidney diseases, tissue injuries, or gastrointestinal diseases.

低血其他原因包括维生素D摄入或产生量低，以及循环系统中过度流失，如肾脏疾病、组织损伤或胃肠道疾病。

In addition to general symptoms like nausea and vomiting, another distinctive sign of acute pancreatitis is hypocalcemia, particularly when there is a lot of fat necrosis because that process tends to consume calcium.

除了恶心、呕吐等一般状外，急性胰腺炎另一个显着标志是低血，特别是当有很多脂肪坏死时，因为这一过程往往会消耗。

And so even though the total levels of calcium are the same, there's less ionized calcium which is the one that's important for cellular processes and can lead to symptoms of hypocalcemia.

因此，即使总含量相同，游离减少了，它对细胞过程很重要，会产生低血状。

Also, low levels of vitamin D can also lead to hypocalcemia, and can be caused by a deficient diet, malabsorption, cirrhosis, a lack of sunlight, and chronic renal failure, just to name a few.

此外，维生素D含量过低也会导致低血，可能由饮食中维生素D不足、吸收不良、肝硬化、缺乏日照与慢性肾衰竭等所致。

Alright, as a quick recap, hypocalcemia describes a low concentration of free ionized calcium in the blood, which most commonly results from defective production of calcium controlling hormones, like parathyroid hormone and active vitamin D.

得！快速回顾一下：低血意味着血液中游离离子浓度低，最常见原因是调控激素如甲状旁腺激素和活性维生素D生成出现问题。