The kinked configuration is called the" cis isomer" and the straight one is the trans isomer.

结状排列成为“顺式构体”线状排列，成为“反式构体”。

But pentane, C5H12, has 3 possible isomers and C6H14, known as hexane, has 5.

但是戊烷 C5H12 有 3 种可构体， 而称为己烷 C6H14 有 5 种。

Thus, no isomers with alkynes. Phew. OK I'm done describing for the moment.

因此，与炔烃没有构体。呸。好，我暂时完成描述。

But if the parts are different, it's possible to have two totally different isomers of the same compound.

但是，如果部分同，则同一化合物可有两种完全同构体。

You would have to break the pi bond, and thus, the entire molecule to rotate between isomers.

你必须打破 pi 键，因此，整个分子才在构体转。

These different structures for compounds that have the same molecular formula are called isomers.

具有相同分子式化合物这些同结构称为构体。

So the number of atoms is butane only allows for 2 isomers, n-butane and isobutane.

所以原子数是丁烷只允许2种构体， 正丁烷和丁烷。

But looking at this table of the number of possible isomers you could see that that escalated quickly.

但是查看这张可构体数量表， 您会发现它迅速增加。

Well we know that they're unsaturated alkenes because saturated fats don't have double bonds, and thus, can't have cis- and trans- isomers.

我们知道它们是饱和烯烃， 因为饱和脂肪没有双键，因此会有顺式和反式构体。

They're not structural isomers like n-butane and i-butane, instead, they're what we call cis-trans isomers.

它们是像正丁烷和正丁烷那样结构构体，相反，它们就是我们所说顺反构体。

They call that isobutane and it is an isomer of butane, but according to these all important rules of nomenclature, it's not actually any sort of butane at all.

他们称其为丁烷， 它是丁烷构体，但根据所有重要命名规则， 它实际上根本是丁烷。

Evolution has provided a goodly range of these in the form of enzymes, which are large, complicated and sometimes temperamental protein molecules, but which have the advantage that they can create pure versions of what are known as optical isomers.

进化以酶形式提供了大量这类物质，这些酶是大型、复杂、有时还会变化无常蛋白质分子，但它们优点是可以产生被称为光学构体纯净版本。