And " ostensive communication, " or " inferential communication, " is a shorthand.

要理解这个定义，就需要搞清楚其中关键概念：“明示交际行动”和“最佳关联假定”。斯波伯和威尔逊同斯观点：交际不只简单编码和解码，而且涉及推理。但他们认为推理只与听话人有关。从说话人方面讲，交际应该被看成一种表明自身说话图行为。他们称之为“明示行动”。换句话说，交际完整概括“明示-推理交际”，所谓“明示交际”或“推理交际”只简称。

(b) On the processing effort side, the speaker must make sure that his utterance (ostensive communication) puts the hearer to no unjustifiable processing effort.

(b)在加工努力方面， 说话人必须确保他话语（明示交际）不会使听话人付出不合理加工努力。